Hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) is a form of material degradation and stress corrosion cracking that can occur in metals and alloys in the presence of hydrogen. The diffusion of atomic hydrogen typically causes HIC into the metal or alloy, where it can react with...

Wet H2S Damage in Oil and Gas Systems: Overview, Susceptible Areas, Detection, Prevention, and Industry Standards Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a highly toxic and corrosive gas that poses significant challenges to the oil and gas industry. When present in the presence of...

Inspecting asphalt involves assessing its condition, identifying any damages or issues, and determining the necessary repairs or maintenance. Here's a general process for inspecting asphalt: Visual Inspection: Start by visually examining the asphalt surface. Look for...

API 580 is a standard published by the American Petroleum Institute (API) that provides guidelines for managing risk in the petroleum industry. It outlines a risk-based inspection (RBI) methodology for determining the inspection frequency and evaluating the risks...

Weld porosity refers to the presence of voids or gas pockets within a weld joint. It is a welding defect that can weaken the integrity and strength of the weld. Porosity appears as small holes or cavities within the weld metal or at the interface between the weld and...

Metal strength and toughness are related properties, but they refer to different aspects of a material's behavior under load. Strength refers to a metal's ability to resist deformation and failure under an applied load, while toughness refers to a metal's ability to...

API 580 is a certification program developed by the American Petroleum Institute (API) that focuses on Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) for equipment used in the oil and gas industry. RBI is a methodology used to evaluate equipment failure's likelihood and consequences and...

ASTM E23 is a standard developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) International. It outlines the procedures for performing standardized tests on materials and components to determine their mechanical properties. The standard explicitly covers...

Basic Diagram of Corrosion Process on Steel Corrosion of steel is a process by which the metal deteriorates and deteriorates over time due to exposure to various environmental factors such as moisture, chemicals, and oxygen. It is a common problem for many steel...